        FALCON 030 CPU (68030) ACCELERATION MODIFICATION
                    DESIGNED BY PETER GREEN.


                           DISCLAIMER
                           ----------
     The author cannot be  responsible  for  any  damage to  your
equipment, other  software or  hardware  products, or physical or
mental    well    being   caused   by the   use,  misuse,  abuse,
misinterpretation, or inability to use this hardware modification.
The author also makes no guarantee as to the compatibility of this
hardware   modification, I  only  give  an  assurance  that  this
hardware  modification will function correctly as part of my  own
personal  computer.    By using this information leading  to  the
proposed    modification    you   are   agreeing   to accept FULL
responsibility  for ANY and  ALL  circumstances arising from it's
implementation.  If   you   do  not  agree   with   these   terms
AND understand  them,  DO NOT  attempt this modification.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
WARNING 1; OPENING YOUR COMPUTER AND CHANGING IT'S INTERNAL PARTS
IN ANY WAY WILL INVALIDATE YOUR MACHINE'S WARRANTY.

WARNING 2; THIS MODIFICATION WILL CHANGE VIDEO CLOCKS WHICH COULD
POTENTIALLY DESTROY CONNECTED MONITORS,   OR  ANY OTHER CONNECTED
PERIPHERAL DEVICE.

WARNING 3; IF YOU LACK SUFFICIENT TECHNICAL ELECTRONIC KNOWLEDGE,
THEN YOU SHOULD NOT BE ATTEMPTING THIS MODIFICATION.

WARNING 4; DON'T LET THIS PUT YOU OFF!!
-----------------------------------------------------------------

****** This information for CPU acceleration is SHAREWARE  ******



        FALCON 030 CPU (68030) ACCELERATION MODIFICATION
                    DESIGNED BY PETER GREEN.



     This   accelerator   modification  for  the  Falcon030   was
designed to give a little extra processing power to the 68030 CPU
and more specifically, to increase  the  bus  through put for FPU
intensive  programs to take full advantage of my FPU acceleration
mod. ( see FPU_ACEL.ZIP ).

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

                TEST RESULTS USING GEMBENCH 3.25
               
(note that % varies slightly, dependant on graphics resolution)
 ________________________________________________________________
|          |   CPU 16      |   CPU 18      | CPU 36 (power up2)* |
|          |_______________|________|_______\____________________|
|__________|FPU 16| FPU 50 |FPU 18  | FPU 50 | FPU 18 |  FPU  50 |
|PROGRAM;  |||||||
|PVOC-A    |73.6s |  55.2s |  64.5s | 49.2s  | 58.1s  | 40.6s    |
|PVOC-T2   |277.7s|  202.0s|  237.4s| 180.7s | 213.5s | 144.9s   |
|__________|______|________|________|________|________|__________|
|FLOAT MATH|      |        |        |        |        |          |
|CPU       |100%  | 141%   | 120%   | 153%   | 135%   |  180%    |
|average of|      |        |        |        |        |          |
|CPU+FPU   |1570% | 2094%  | 1780%  | 2272%  | 2015%  |  2670%   |
 
NOTE  1;  THE  36MHZ  OPTION  WAS  OBTAINED  BY  USING  BOTH  THE
MODIFICATION DESCRIBED IN THIS TEXT AND THE 'POWER UP2' MOD .

NOTE  2;  FPU at 50MHZ is in reference to 'FPU_ACEL.ZIP' .

NOTE 3; with 68882 at 50Mhz, CPU 18Mhz performance is 102% of TT,
with CPU at 36Mhz(power up2 fitted),performance is 120% of TT !!!
(FLOAT MATH only, TT in fast ram).
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
     If  you lack electronic experience,  don't let this put  you
off since it won't cost that much to get an experienced friend or
even qualified engineer to perform this modification, and  should
still work out considerably cheaper than  any  other  accelerator
board that can be purchased.  Approximate cost for parts is under
6.00.

     Before  you start hacking with your  circuitry,  it's  worth
noting that my CPU is CLEARLY labelled as a 16Mhz device (denoted
by  '16'  at the end of it's product number),  but I  have  quite
happily  had  my CPU running at 36.4 Mhz,  more than  TWICE  it's
stated  operating speed.  However,  long term 'exposure' to  this
kind  of  speed  is  unknown,  and  I  strongly  suggest  that  a
switchable  version be made,  only switching to high  speed  when
NEEDING high perfromance from the CPU.
                          ____________
                           START HERE
                          
WARNING; I STRONGLY ADVISE THAT YOU REMOVE THE INTERNAL IDE DRIVE
AND   DISCONNECT  ALL  EXTERNAL  DEVICES  WHEN  PERFORMING   THIS
MODIFICATION. AS YOU WILL BE CHANGING CLOCKS, CENTRAL TO THE CPU,
SHOULD YOU MAKE ANY  ERRORS IT IS  CONCEIVABLE  THAT DATA WILL BE
LOST  OR THE DEVICE DAMAGED.      You may find  it  useful  while
testing this modification to run your 030 from a television in ST
medium resolution,  as T.V.  set's are protected on their antenna
inputs against high voltage,but monitors have direct connections.


     First  of all I have assumed that  you have already had  the
buffer  modification applied to the Falcons clocks,  if not  then
why not? (.......details are enclosed anyway, see 'BUFFER.IMG').

STAGE 1      'BUFFER.IMG'

     If you haven't already got the buffer mod.   fitted do  this
now(!!), and forget about the CPU mod for the moment, making sure
that it functions correctly.

STAGE 2      'CPU_1.IMG'

     In principle,  acceleration is extremely simple;  just put a
faster crystal in place of the old one!  However this is not with
out it's problems.
     'CPU_1.IMG' shows how simple this can be,  just cut one wire
and  solder in a new oscillator block.By using a 36Mhz block  you
will  have a CPU clock of 18 Mhz (the clock control  'glue'  chip
divides by 2 before sending the clock to the CPU).  However  this
is  a  SYSTEM  WIDE  clock,  and  will  change  the  majority  of
operations  inside the 030.  If you have successfully  made  this
modification, after switching on, all will LOOK normal.

*****************************************************************
NOTE  THAT  IF  YOU  ARE USING ANY  KIND  OF  GRAPHIC  RESOLUTION
BOOSTING  PROGRAM (E.G.  FALCON SCREEN,  VIDEL INSIDE,  BLOW  UP,
SCREEN  BLASTER ETC.) IT IS POSSIBLE THAT YOU WILL  FIND  STRANGE
THINGS HAPPENING TO THE SYNCHRONISATION OF THE MONITOR.  THIS  IS
BECAUSE  THERE  ARE ONLY 2 CLOCKS AVAILABLE FOR  SCREEN  DRIVING;
25MHZ, 32MHZ,  AND YOU HAVE JUST CHANGED THE   32 TO   36 MHZ !!!
IT IS POSSIBLE THAT PROLONGED EXPOSURE TO 'WRONG' SYNCHRONISATION
SIGNALS COULD DAMAGE YOUR MONITOR.
*****************************************************************

     In practice I could not see ANY difference between 32 and 36
Mhz when my screen was set to; 2 colours, 80 columns, double line
OFF.  The monitor used is an ancient LOW resolution mono which  I
have  converted to run in high resolution VGA.  If this can  take
the pace, anything should be able to!! A reasonable rule of thumb
is that if your screen looks stable,  then it IS stable,  but  no
guarantees.

     Back to the plot,  all being well you should now have a nice
faster 030,  BUT....... your keyboard or mouse won't work (pretty
fundamental I think!!).

STAGE 3;    'MIDI_KEY.IMG'

     Well, that didn't inspire you with confidence did it? Here's
how to do a proper job.
     What I haven't mentioned up until now is that any change  in
CPU clock will also make the MIDI ports,  keyboard and mouse  un-
usable (!!), just a 'slight' problem......
This  is  beacause the 500 Khz clock which feeds  BOTH  the  6850
serial keyboard driver AND the 6850 serial MIDI driver comes from
the glue chip and is clock/64,  therefore at 36 Mhz the clock  is
now 562.5 Khz.

     You  must  first locate 'U 52' (6850) which  is  the  serial
interface  for  the keyboard,  this can be found just  above  the
recess  in  the  PCB where the mouse and joy  stick  sockets  are
placed when the keybaord is removed.            ( Bottom right ).
     Now the tricky bit, you must find and CUT pin 3 on this chip
and bend it upwards,  leaving enough pin left to be soldered  to.
Check  this connection first with a continuity  tester,  it  will
have a direct connection to pin 23 on the expansion socket 'J 20'
It will also have a direct connection to 'U 24',(6850) pins  2+3,
which  is located underneath the power supply and just  right  of
the  ROM ports and slightly below the MIDI sockets.(This  is  the
MIDI serial converter).  Now solder a wire between pin 3 of U  24
and pin 3 of U 52,  and another wire which from one of these  two
points which will be the new 500 Khz input.
     There is no easy way to do the next part,  coming out of the
'GLUE' chip 'U 56' is a PCB track which must be cut, this is very
small and there are lots of tracks on this part of the PCB.  This
can  be found between the 68030 (U 55) and the GLUE  chip  (U56).
There is a wire that runs out of U 56 just underneath R  217,  it
then  takes  a  sharp  bend before  straightening  again  and  is
terminated  by  a small 'through PCB' hole about 0.75 cm  to  the
right  of 'U 55' 68030.  **BEFORE CUTTING** carefully check  that
this  is in fact the correct connection with a continuity  tester
and that it has zero resistance between pins 2+4 on 'U24' and pin
3  on  'U52',  and pin 23 on the expansion socket 'J 20  '  (just
left  of the CPU U 55,  and forth pin to the left on  the  bottom
row).If you are satisfied that you have found the right wire then
cut it about 1cm infront of the through-PCB hole.

STAGE 4 'CLOCK.IMG'

     Now that you have separated the two serial drivers from  the
clock  on  the glue chip (U 56) they must now be fed with  a  new
500Khz  clock.  By far the best option would be to use  a  ripple
counter  chip  to divide the 32 Mhz clock  (74HC4024),  I  simply
didn't have one fast enough (an HC device MUST be used) so I used
a small 500 Khz ceramic resonator (crystal) and buffered it using
a  CMOS 4069UB chip in stead.  Both circuits are included in  the
image file.



STAGE 6;  'CIRCUIT.IMG'

     This circuit is very straight forward,  it comprises just  2
chips  and  a switch.  A 74HC08 AND gate is used as  a  means  of
switching on/off the clock sources.  The gate used to switch  the
32Mhz  clock  is kept at high level by a  10K  pull-up  resistor,
keeping this clock permanently on,  this same pin is also fed  to
one  NOR  gate in the 74HC02,  which is used here  simply  as  an
inverter.  This inverted signal is then fed to the control  input
of the 36 (40) Mhz clock source,  this enables the two clocks  to
be instantly switched between simply by shorting to 0V the  pull-
up  voltage  from the 10K resistor.  The outputs of the  two  AND
gates  are  then fed to the two inputs of one of  the  NOR  gates
74HC02,  strictly speaking this should then be inverted since the
gate  is a NOR rather than an OR,  but in practice this makes  no
difference  at  all,  I actually chose not to invert  the  clocks
again to keep them as clean as possible.
     I  also  chose to mount my 36.4Mhz oscillator block  on  the
same  piece of VERO board that these 2 chips  were  mounted,  the
whole  thing measures around 5 X 6 cm,  and I have  located  this
just left of the fan,  just below the RAM,  where there is a nice
little space for it.

     While  you are at this stage I see no reason why it may  not
be possible to push the clock even higher,  I am not able to test
this at the moment since all I have is a 36.4 Mhz block,  and  my
next highest is 45 and 48Mhz osc.blocks which do not work.  I can
imagine getting up to 40Mhz or even around 42Mhz if you're really
lucky!

     Switch-over  is pretty much rock solid,  and you'll have  to
switch  about 10-15 times at high speed to cause a crash,  so  in
normal use this will NOT happen.    If you encounter problems, or
are paranoid about a crash happening during important work, there
is a very reliable solution;  disable all processing,  see below.


*******  YOU ONLY NEED TO DO THIS IF  YOU  HAVE PROBLEMS  *******

     Fortunately there is a convenient 'process halt' built  into
the system designed to allow expansion boards. This is VERY handy
since to use this it will require no soldering or cutting of  the
PCB.  To  locate this,  look just left of the CPU (U  55,  68030)
where you will find 2 rows or pins labelled 'J 20'.  Plugged into
this  you will find a small plastic jumper plug,  you  will  also
notice that there is a white mark printed on the PCB to show it's
exact position (W 11).  This plug should be removed and all  that
you  need now do is connect a switch to these  two  pins,  either
soldered directly to the pins, or by using a small plug connected
to a switch (as I used).

          USING THE PROCESS SWITCH FOR CPU CLOCK CHANGE
          
     This may seem a little awkward to use, but is in fact by far
the  best  option  in terms of it's  lack  of  complex  switching
electronics.
     When  you want to switch first take the process switch  into
OFF  position,  then  click or move the mouse  until  the  cursor
disappears  (or attempt a keyboard command if not running  a  gem
program),  the whole processing within the computer is now  fully
'frozen'.  CPU  clock  switching  can now  be  performed  without
harming  or  crashing  the system.  Once a  new  clock  has  been
switched over,  the process switch should then be put back to the
'ON'  position.  Instantly the system will pick up from the  last
point  you were at and continue at the new  speed.  This  process
must be repeated when ever a new clock speed is required.

                      1)   PROC SWITCH OFF
                      2)       CLICK MOUSE
                      3)  SWITCH CPU CLOCK
                      4)    PROC SWITCH ON

_________________________________________________________________

                        FLOPPY PROBLEMS ?
                        

     I have not yet experienced problems of any kind relating  to
the floppy drive (format, copy disk image, copy files etc.) It is
possible  that  you could get trouble,  but so far  at  36Mhz  my
floppies are happy.  Floppy writing has NOT been tested at 40Mhz,
as  I've yet to obtain a 40 Mhz block,  please consult  the  text
relating  to protecting floppies contained within  'FPU_ACEL.ZIP'
if  you go to 40 Mhz and find problems.  You can obtain a 16  Mhz
clock  from  pin 12 of the 74HC4024 chip used to  give  a  500Khz
clock to the Keyboard and MIDI ports.ONLY DO THIS IF YOU NEED TO.

                       MUSIC SAMPLE RATES
                     
     If you are using the AD/DA converters for musical use, it is
possible  that sampling rates will be effected.  However  I  have
tested 49, 32, 24, 19, 16 Khz at BOTH 16Mhz and 18Mhz (36Mhz) and
found NO audible pitch change at all.  I even switched from 16 to
18Mhz  DURING a recording!  I found NO problems or obvious  pitch
shift at all, everything seemed as normal
     If an external DIGITAL source is used for music, this should
never  be  a problem since 44.1 Khz provides  it's  own  external
clock to the DSP port, also the DSP has it's own dedicated 32 Mhz
clock which CANNOT be changed.
     It  is  also  possible  that there  will  be  tempo  changes
(B.P.M.)  within  sequence  programs. 'LOGIC  AUDIO' and 'NOTATOR
LOGIC' have been tested and do NOT suffer tempo problems.
'CUBASE  AUDIO', and others have not been tested.


************************   SHAREWARE   **************************

All files in this archive, are protected by copyright. The author
does however, reserve full copyright of this modification.
The archive may be distributed freely,  so long as all the files
are distributed together in a single archive.

     Anyone using this  information  to carry  out  the described
modifications  should register with the author.  If you  register
you will not only get enormously large warm feeling  inside,  but
will also be sent (if requested) details of further modifications
regarding changing the microphone inputs and headphone output  to
give  standard line levels,  and a (simple,  but powerful)  noise
reduction circuit, and/or FPU acceleration. (Please state).

     If you find my information useful please register with me by
sending  me 5 - 15 (U.K.).   I NEED your registration fees  !!!
I'm  a  humble student trying to save up for my  Masters  Degree;
there's no government grant, and I DON'T come from a rich family!
WAKE UP! education is the life blood of a healthy society.

     To  register,  or send any donations to help put me  through
University, contact;

               PETER GREEN
               179 CHURCH ROAD,
               KESSINGLAND,
               LOWESTOFT,
               SUFFOLK,
               NR33 7SG,
               ENGLAND.



     Please  feel  free  to  add  comments  or  possible  updates
concerning  CPU acceleration (e.g.if ATARI ever produce a  Falcon
040 ),and if necessary additional graphic images to this archive,
but  the  full original documentation  must  remain  intact;  any
additional material must be clearly labelled in a folder separate
to the original. I do however  give  my permission for additional
material  to be re-archived with the original files into one  NEW
archive with a new name (e.g. CPU_ACL2.ZIP).



And finally......BUILD A WIND GENERATOR, YOU KNOW IT MAKES SENSE!

     They DON'T make noise (far,far less than cars,  air  planes,
trains, BIRDS, WIND!! )I recently visited a local generator which
was  spinning  very fast in a strong wind and took note  of  it's
noise  level.  I then walked less than 20 meters to a group of  2
or 3 averaged sized trees blowing in the wind, and was absolutely
astonished  to find that the generator was COMPLETELY SWAMPED  by
the noise of these trees blowing in the wind,  the turbine  could
NOT  be  heard above the sound of the trees  at  all!
What does  this say for the main argument of the anti-wind lobby?

               VOTE GREEN!!
               PETER GREEN 27/6/95

